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  By. Yusuf Habiib Hussein (Seer) Civil wars are generally caused by profound political, social, and economic problems; hence, they are usually multiclausal and complicated. It may, therefore, be quite uphill to establish lasting peace in a Sool region torn apart by civil war. Generally speaking, the following arrangements can be made to establish peace in a Laascanood region laid waste by civil war: 1. Negotiation: Oftentimes, peace can first be achieved by discussions between disputing parties. This can be direct between leaders or through mediation by a neutral third party. 2. Compromise: For peace to take place, there needs to be a give-and-take approach by parties to a conflict. Concessions can be made on the basis of resource allocation, sharing of power, or security considerations. 3. Disarmament: Disarmament and demobilization of the armed forces of both sides may be called for as a means of reducing the possibility of renewed violence. 4. Transitional justice: There should...

By. Yusuf Habiib Hussein (Seer) Basically, the promotion of peace and security is a matter that lies majorly in the hands of parliaments. Legislators are thus empowered to enact laws and policies that advance peace and security, and hold the executive liable for its acts associated with peace and security. This is one of the major ways through which parliament contributes to peace and security. These include the armed forces, police, and intelligence services. It falls upon parliamentarians to ensure such agencies observe the rule of law, do not violate human rights, and are responsive to the people. Such work may involve hearings, investigations, legislation that spells out in detail norms on what these agencies should and should not do. Such monitoring work aside, parliamentarians can have a further role in contributing to peace and security through the use of diplomacy. Most parliamentary organizations have international relations committees committed to diplomacy and peacebuilding....

By: Yusuf Habiib Hussein (Seer) Traditional leadership has, thus far, played a very important role in shaping the outcomes of wars and other forms of conflict throughout human history. In this connection, the relevance of the discourse on the impact of traditional leadership on war and conflict remains well within the purview of the modern era. Whereas, at the best level, it can be said that traditional leadership brings about stabilization and order in a situation of conflict, it may, with equal facility, be pointed out that it more often prolongs violence and serves as the precursor for entrenched plays of power that feed into conflict. One of the ways in which traditional leadership intersects with war and conflict is through the leveraging of tribal or clan allegiances. In many parts of the world, in fact, traditional leaders remain the highest authorities in their communities, with their word being law in most respects. This may result in the enlistment of tribal or clan allegianc...